What is Down Syndrome?

Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra 21st chromosome. This extra genetic material affects a child's physical growth, characteristics, and cognitive development.

Why Do Babies Born with Down Syndrome?

The primary cause of Down syndrome is a random error in cell division during the formation of the egg or sperm. This error may result in an embryo with three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the usual two.

Risk Factors

While the exact cause of this chromosomal abnormality is not fully understood, some risk factors include:

1. Maternal Age: Women who are 35 years or older are at higher risk of having a baby with Down syndrome.

2. Family History: If there is a history of Down syndrome in the family, especially in parents or close relatives, the risk may increase.

Signs and Symptoms

Some common signs of Down syndrome include low muscle tone, a flat facial profile, an upward slant to the eyes, and a single deep crease across the center of the palm. Early intervention and support can help infants and children with Down syndrome reach their full potential.

Conclusion

Understanding why some babies are born with Down syndrome can help parents and families be more prepared. With love and support, children with Down syndrome can lead full and rewarding lives.